Air pollution remains one of the major environmental challenges associated with transport, energy production, industrial activities and other anthropogenic sources. NOx, particulate matter, methane and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are among the key pollutants affecting air quality, while some of these species also contribute directly or indirectly to climate change. The efficient treatment of exhaust emissions is therefore essential to reduce the environmental impact of human activities. Among the available technologies, catalysis plays a central role in emission control, enabling the conversion of harmful pollutants into less hazardous or environmentally benign products. Our group has extensive experience in the development of robust catalytic materials and formulations for the abatement of methane, soot, VOCs and NOx emissions from both mobile and stationary sources. This research is carried out in close collaboration with leading industrial partners, ensuring a strong connection between fundamental understanding and technological application. Our activities cover the entire catalyst development chain, from materials synthesis and formulation to scale-up, advanced characterization and catalytic testing under realistic operating conditions. Particular attention is devoted to understanding the fundamental phenomena governing catalyst performance, including active-site structure, redox behaviour and catalyst–pollutant interactions at the nanoscale. By integrating fundamental catalysis, materials science and reactor-level engineering, we aim to bridge the gap between nanoscale phenomena and real-world applications, developing effective and durable catalytic solutions for cleaner air and more sustainable technologies.